Gk, general studies, optional notes for upsc, ias, banking, civil services. His four councillors were clavering, francis, monson and barwell. By contrast, bernstein constantly seeks to make the material of his sub. Governorgeneral, introduced several administrative reforms. In 1772, the company appointed warren hastings as the governor of fort william. The east india company reimbursed his legal expenses of 71,000 pounds12 and voted him an annuity of 4,000 pounds a year and a loan of 50,000 pounds without interest.
He abolished dual government in bengal, assumed direct responsibility of diwani and took away the right of nizamat as well from the hands of the nawab. Warren hastings put an end to the dual system of government in bengal which was established by robert clive in 1765. Warren hastings 1732 1818 became the first governor of the presidency of fort william bengal in 1772 and the first governorgeneral of bengal in 1774 till he resigned in 1785. Rohilkand was a small kingdom situated in between oudh and the marathas. Hastings was the first governorgeneral of bengal and his trial had a formative impact on the british empire. Development of adalat system during the time of warren hastings. Judicial plan of warren hastings 1772 warren hastings administrative plan divided territory of bengal, bihar and orissa into number of districts. In each district an english servant of the company was appointed as collector who was to be responsible for the collection of land revenue. Warren hastings, the first governorgeneral, introduced several administrative reforms. Jan 23, 2020 donald trumps impeachment trial started in the us senate. While in lucknow, zoffany did his trade fairly well on commission by the nawab, the court and individuals like colonel claud martin. Under warren hastings the administration at the top was over hauled and the foundations for the new system based on the english pattern laid. Governor and president of fort wilham, arrived at calcutta, about the 2oth of february 1772, but it. Warren hastings was known for his expansionist policy.
His four councillors were clavering, francis, monson and barwell 2. He established the system of civil administration that was the basis of angloindian security and prosperity. Warren hastings and british sovereign authority in bengal, 177480. Warren hastings expansionist policy pdf indian history notes the rohilla war 1774 1. Warren hastings 17321818 modern indian history notes for upsc. The setting of a standard for integrity in administration john t. Contribution of warren hastings in the indian administration. Warren hastings, born december 6, 1732, churchill, near daylesford, oxfordshire, englanddied august 22, 1818, daylesford, the first and most famous of the british governorsgeneral of india, who dominated indian affairs from 1772 to 1785 and was impeached though acquitted on his return to england. Education through self help is our motto rayat shikshan sansthas ismailsaheb mulla law college satara indian legal history power point presentation 2. A biography of warren hastings by sir alfred lyall, k. Warren hastings was first governor of the presidency of fort william bengal, who remained in office during 1732 to 1818. Warren hastings and the founding of the british administration lionel james trotter home. The english statesman warren hastings 17321818 was the first governor general of british india. This is a historically significant trial because later on this trial became a major ground for the impeachment of governor general warren hastings and chief justice impey of the supreme court of calcutta, by the house of commons, after they returned to england.
Feb 24, 2018 in this video i have talked about the reforms undertaken by lord warren hastings after becoming the governor general of bengal. To start with warren hastings realized the very fact that an impartial and regular administration of justice was extremely essential for creating conditions for a better collection of land revenue. Read this article to learn about the impeachment and estimate of warren hastings. The bribery of warren hastings scholarly commons at hofstra law. The reforms of lord cornwallis 17861793 and cornwallis code. This trial is popularly known as the judicial murder of raja nand kumar. Judicial reforms of warren hastings and the advent of adalat. He did not only give and receive bribes accidentally. The company took over the responsibility of administration of the province and started to collect the revenue through the agency of its own servants.
The state of the administration in bengal, before the passing of lord norths act of. Estimate of warren hastings write a short note on warren hastings. During his period number of revenue districts was reduced from 35 to 23 in the presidency of bengal. Recall that blackstone had classed as a high misdemeanor the mal administration of high officers of government. The impeachment of warren hastings was a failed attempt between 1788 and 1795 to impeach the first governorgeneral of bengal in the parliament of great britain. Reforms of warren hastings when warren hastings assumed the administration of bengal in 1772, he found it in. The reforms which he brought about in different fields of administration were as follows.
Comprehensive essay on british administration in india. Bazar, then the commercial suburb of murat such a regulation of the traffic as. The company took the responsibility of the administration. But high crimes and misdemeanors arguably had a more precise and more familiar meaning drawn from longstanding english practice and usage. Warren hastings, the experienced worker of east india company who had joined the company in 1750 as a clerk took 23 years to reach the top post of the time. Warren hastings 17731785 became governor in 1772 and governorgeneral in 1773 through regulating act of 1773. The administration of warren hastings, 17721785 sir. That the said warren hastings, in direct disobedience to the said positive. It was cornwallis who had to deal with warren hastings. Warren hastings 17321818 was the first governorgeneral of british india.
Warren hastings was the official governor of bengal under the authority of the british east india company between the years 1773 and 1784. Warren hastings, the first and most famous of the british governorsgeneral of india, who dominated indian affairs from 1772 to 1785 and was impeached. Oct 26, 2015 warren hastings was first governor of the presidency of fort william bengal, who remained in office during 1732 to 1818. The regulating act of india 1773 regulating act, 1773 was the first parliamentary ratification, codification, confirmation, justification or authorization defining the powers and responsibilities of the various organs of the east india company including its territorial control over bengal. Abolished dual system17671772 of administration 1772 auctioned the right to collect land revenue to the highest bidder 1772. He was a gifted personality endowed with strong will, great energy and resourcefulness. Edmund burke and the trial of warren hastings springerlink.
A comprehensive history of india is the product of a joint venture undertaken by a group of historians who do not go by conformist views but by critical, objective and analytical assessment of events and developments in accordance with the methodical discipline of scientific research. The trial for his impeachment was a widely popular public affair, prosecuted by famed politician edmund burke, and defended by sir william jones. Historical background upto 1772 judicial reforms of warren hastings, 5. In this lesson ashna talks about warren hastings reforms in administrative system and in the land revenue system. Warren hastings was born at daylesford, in worcestershire, in december, 1732. The rebellion started 1750 onwards but took a violent turn since 1773 when warren hastings assumed the governorgeneralship of bengal. Warren hastings introduced the new judicial administration system as well as a revenue collection system in the year 1772 it laid the foundation of adalat system. Sep 24, 2016 in warren hastings prepared the first judicial plan. The regulating act was passed in the british house of commons on 10 june in 1773. Prior to that, he had served as a resident of the east india company in murshidabad. Warren hastings, first governor of india, warren hastings. Warren hastings frs 6 december 1732 22 august 1818, an english statesman, was the. Cornwallis introduced some significant reforms in the sphere of judicial administration and tried to complete the unfinished work of warren hastings.
Warren hastings reforms can be categorized into four i. Regulating act, act of settlement, pitts india act. Hastings, warren 17321818, governorgeneral of india, born at. The impeachment trial of warren hastings lasted from 1788 until 1795. Abolished dual system 17671772 of administration 1772 3. Warren hastings an essay by thomas babington macaulay october 1841 memoirs of the life of warren hastings, first governorgeneral of bengal.
In warren hastings prepared the first judicial plan. This administration of justice maybe studied in four stages. Jan 16, 2015 these were the conditions to which warren hastings was introduced and given the task of devising a new legal system, which ultimately came to be known as the adalat system. Reforms of warren hasting administrative reforms removal of deputy subedars. Jun 01, 2011 warren hastings, the experienced worker of east india company who had joined the company in 1750 as a clerk took 23 years to reach the top post of the time.
Under hastingss term as governorgeneral, much administrative precedent set profoundly. The original meaning of high crimes and misdemeanors. Robert clive was the first governor of fort william under the companys rule. It was the basis of all subsequent legislation for determining the form of indian government and is the first statute that recognizes the company to fulfil its functions other than that of trade.
Warren hastings 1841, an essay by thomas babington macaulay. Development of adalat system during the time of warren. Warren hastings expansionist policy pdf indian history notes. The supreme head of the administration was the governorgeneral.
Hastings was accused of misconduct during his time in calcutta particularly relating to mismanagement and personal corruption. When warren hastings came to india in 1772 as the governorgeneral of the company he came with specific orders from the directors to abolish the dual government. In 1761, he was in the british council of calcutta, so was well versed with the affairs of india. Warren hastings, appointed to succeed cartier in the chair of. Describe critically the land revenue and judicial reforms of lord cornwallis. This paper work views the various reforms made by warren hastings during his time in india. Warren hastings carried out reforms in several fields of administration.
Warren hastings abolished dual system of government in bengal, which was established by robert cive. The administration of warren hastings, 17721785 sir george forrest full view 1892. The administration of warren hastings, 17721785 sir george. Burkes writings and speeches, volume the ninth faculty of social. But during his short stay in calcutta the artist seems to have painted a good number of portraits. Sannyasi and fakir rebellion in bihar 17671800 ananda bhattacharya abstract the sannyasi and fakir rebellion is an important episode in the early colonial rule in bengal. Towards the end of indian career of warren hastings, there began a good deal of criticism in england of his highhandedness in administration. What are some of the administrative reforms made by warren. Trace the evolution of the system of administration in india from warren hastings to lord cornwallis. Candidates can also download the warren hastings notes pdf from the link given below.
It does not develop well enough the context of hastings rule, particularly regarding domestic administration, nor does it address re. A precedent being discussed is that of the warren hastings case the famous failed attempt by the british parliament to impeach indias first governorgeneral. Warren hastings and the founding of the british administration. It was the first step to regulate machinery of administration of justice and the plan being a landmark in the ial history become famous as warren hastings plan of 1772. These reforms included the judicial reforms, revenue reforms. List of various reforms introduced by warren hastings. In 1787, he was accused of corruption and impeached in 1787, but after a long trial acquitted in 1795.
The regulating act of 1773 is a major landmark in the evolution of british administration in india. He was expected to use the administrative machinery of a commercial company to serve the political purposes of britain, the east india company and the welfare of the indian population. Warren hastings reforms judicial, revenue, commercial. The son of a clergyman of the church of england, hastings was abandoned by. He introduced for the first time the principle of administration according to law. Judicial reforms of warren hastings and the advent of. After the india act of 1784, hastings was in an impossible position. Search for library items search for lists search for contacts search for a library. The trial of warren hastings university of tennessee.
The substituted language was a reasonably close substitute for mal administration. The governorgeneralship of lord cornwallis 17861793 constitutes a very remarkable and a highly creative period in indian legal history. Part 9 indian legal history judicial plan of warren hastings 1772 and 1774 reality views by sm 1. Warren hastings, the first and most famous of the british governorsgeneral of india, who dominated indian affairs from 1772 to 1785 and was impeached though acquitted on his return to england. Warren hastings administrative plan divided territory of bengal, bihar and orissa into number of districts.
Auctioned the right to collect land revenue to the highest bidder 1772 4. Chiara rolli shows that in an age when british education consisted mainly of classical studies, it was antique views of rhetoric and imperial governance that permeated the trial. Donald trumps impeachment trial started in the us senate. The first anglomaratha war and the second anglomysore war. Warren hastings 17731785 became governor in 1772 and governorgeneral in 1773 through regulating act of 1773 1. Warren hastings, born december 6, 1732, churchill, near daylesford, oxfordshire, englanddied august 22, 1818, daylesford, the first and most famous of the british governorsgeneral of india, who dominated indian affairs from 1772 to 1785 and was impeached though acquitted on his return to england early life. The company took the responsibility of the administration of the province. Immediately after his taking charge as governor in bengal hastings drew up a plan for the judicial reforms, the aim of which was not to do away with the existing judicial machinery but to make it more.
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